In India, adults often lack an understanding of child sexual abuse prevention methods. Due to the prevailing taboos and social norms, they find it difficult to talk about this to their children or discuss the topic openly with other adults in their family. When the perpetrator of abuse is another child, it is often extremely difficult for parents of both children involved to address the issue.

What is Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse?

Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse occurs when a child engages in sexual behaviour with another child who is younger, smaller, or less powerful. This is different from normal childhood sexual exploration, which can be a natural and normal part of growing up. CoCSA can include sexual touching, fondling, or even penetration. It can have long-lasting emotional and psychological effects on the victim.

Why is Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse harmful?

One child uses power and control to coerce or force the other child into sexual activity, which can be traumatic and harmful to the victim.

How common is Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse in India?

We don’t have exact data but it is likely to be quite common. A 2015 report by India’s National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) stated that perpetrators in 28% of reported rape cases were minors. But these stats represent only a fraction of the actual prevalence of CoCSA, as many cases go unreported due to the highly sensitive nature of the issue as well as prevailing lack of awareness.

Why is Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse difficult to identify?

• Misunderstanding: Adults might misinterpret children’s behaviour as normal exploration or play, not recognizing it as harmful or abusive.
• Minimization: Society often downplays the seriousness of Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse, assuming it’s less harmful compared to abuse by adults. This misconception leads to neglecting necessary interventions.
• Lack of Awareness: Adults might lack awareness or education about Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse. Without proper understanding, they might not recognize signs or know how to address such situations.
• Difficulty in Identification: Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse can be complex and subtle, making it harder to identify. Behaviours may mimic normal interactions, making it challenging for adults to distinguish abusive behaviour.
• Fear of Labelling: There might be reluctance to label children as perpetrators, especially if they’re also victims of abuse themselves. Fear of stigmatization or damaging a child’s future might lead to overlooking or downplaying the abuse.

How to prevent Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse?

1. Talk openly and honestly with children about body safety from an early age.
2. Teach children about safe/unsafe behaviour and also teach them to respect each other’s body boundaries.
3. Monitor children’s interactions and behaviour with adults as well as other children.
4. Speak up against sexualisation and aggression in children and ensure that your child accesses only age-appropriate content (internet regulation plays a large part in ensuring this).
5. Seek help and support for both victims and perpetrators.

Addressing child on child abuse requires a shift in perception, increased awareness, proper education, and effective policies. It’s essential to understand that all forms of abuse, regardless of the perpetrator, require intervention, support, and appropriate measures to ensure the safety and well-being of all children involved.